19 records found

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  Impacts of extreme weather on plant pests, their influence on productivity and quality of crop plants and on plant protection

  Term: 2013-01-01 bis 2023-12-31
  • Project coordinator:
    Petra, Seidel
    
  • Project preparer:
    Petra, Seidel
    
  • Cooperation partner:
    Institut für Pflanzenbau und Bodenkunde (JKI)
    Deutscher Wetterdienst
    Johann Heinrich von Thünen-Institut, Bundesforschungsinstitut für Ländliche Räume, Wald und Fischerei
    
  • Overall objective of the project:
    Under the current climate, plant pests represent a major constraint to crop production. Plant pests will be influenced by climate change. Climate change is likely to increase the frequency and intensity of weather extremes as well. Thus it could be possible that extreme weather will influence the economic impact of plant pests. First step is analyzing and assessing of scientific and, on the recommendation of the IPCC, also Grey literature, published since 1945 concerning the knowledge of the influences of extreme weather events (such as storm, hail, flooding, dryness, drought, heavy down pours, black frost, early frost, late frost, heat, wet snow) on incidence of plant pests and their influences on yield and quality of wheat, barley, maize, beet, potato, rape, forage crops and grassland, wine, hope, apple and asparagus. This literature survey started in February 2013 and is continued monthly. As soon as climate chambers, suitable to simulate extreme weather conditions, are available here, experiments will start to investigate the influences of extreme weather events on cereals, especially winter wheat and plant pests. Thus data, that is urgently needed, will be collected.

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  New cropping systems

  Term: 2018-01-01 bis 2022-06-30
  • Project coordinator:
    Dieter, von Hörsten
    Jens Karl, Wegener
    
  • Project preparer:
    Daniel, Herrmann
    Jan-Uwe, Niemann
    
  • Cooperation partner:
    Institut für Pflanzenschutz in Ackerbau und Grünland (JKI)
    Institut für die Sicherheit biotechnologischer Verfahren bei Pflanzen (JKI)
    Institut für Pflanzenbau und Bodenkunde (JKI)
    Institut für Strategien und Folgenabschätzung (JKI)
    Institut für Züchtungsforschung an landwirtschaftlichen Kulturen (JKI)
    
  • Overall objective of the project:
    Scope of the project is the development of processes and the identification of research gaps to achieve the goal of sustainable intensification in agricultural systems. For this purpose agronomic approaches, digitalization as well as automation of agricultural machineries will be used to increase the efficiency of cropping systems. In this context, field trials are carried out at different experimental sites of the Julius Kühn-Institute, to investigate the impact of a uniform seed pattern on cereals, to find adapted and well performing cultivars and to test the technical implementation of a uniform sowing pattern with a precision seed drill.

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  FInAL - Facilitating insects in agricultural landscapes through integration of renewable resources into cultivation systems - a scientifically supported pilot and demonstration project in landscape laboratories

  Term: 2018-10-01 bis 2022-09-30
  • Project coordinator:
    Burkhard, Golla
    
  • Project preparer:
    Tanja, Rottstock
    
  • Cooperation partner:
    Institut für Biologischen Pflanzenschutz (JKI)
    Institut für Bienenschutz (JKI)
    Institut für Pflanzenbau und Bodenkunde (JKI)
    Institut für ökologische Chemie, Pflanzenanalytik und Vorratsschutz (JKI)
    Johann Heinrich von Thünen-Institut, Bundesforschungsinstitut für Ländliche Räume, Wald und Fischerei
    Leibniz-Zentrum für Agrarlandschaftsforschung (ZALF) e.V.
    Landwirtschaftskammer Hannover
    
  • Overall objective of the project:
    Intensive agriculture is considered as a major cause of the decline of insect diversity and biomass in Germany. Within the frame of the national action programme for the conservation of insects, FInAL will therefore establish Landscape Laboratories in representative agricultural landscapes of Germany where we will develop, demonstrate and evaluate innovative measures for facilitating insects through integrated cultivation of renewable resources in a landscape context.

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  MonViA - National monitoring of biodiversity in agricultural landscapes - Subproject "Biodiversity of small freshwaters"

  Term: 2019-01-01 bis 2023-12-31
  • Project coordinator:
    Stefan, Lorenz
    
  • Cooperation partner:
    Institut für Bienenschutz (JKI)
    Institut für Pflanzenschutz in Ackerbau und Grünland (JKI)
    Institut für Strategien und Folgenabschätzung (JKI)
    Institut für Anwendungstechnik im Pflanzenschutz (JKI)
    Institut für Biologischen Pflanzenschutz (JKI)
    Institut für ökologische Chemie, Pflanzenanalytik und Vorratsschutz (JKI)
    Institut für Pflanzenschutz in Obst- und Weinbau (JKI)
    Institut für Pflanzenbau und Bodenkunde (JKI)
    Johann Heinrich von Thünen-Institut, Bundesforschungsinstitut für Ländliche Räume, Wald und Fischerei
    
  • Overall objective of the project:
    Small freshwater systems in agricultural landscapes are vulnerable to inputs of plant protection products and fertilizers. Therefore, the fauna in these water bodies can be severely impaired. This is crucial, since small freshwaters host the largest biodiversity compared to other freshwater systems such as lakes and rivers. Due to the reasons above, small freshwaters at the same time host the largest fraction of endangered species on the landscape scale. So far, there is no biological monitoring of small freshwaters. Its conceptual development is complex due to the high number and the large diversity of these ecosystems (e.g. in Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania there are about 60.000 small freshwaters in or adjacent to agricultural fields). The JKI currently investigates the effects of agricultural management strategies on the biodiversity of these freshwaters. In MonViA, the JKI will, in close collaboration with the plant protection services of the federal states of Germany, develop a monitoring concept for biodiversity in small freshwaters. Test-projects based on this concept will provide a first overview on the current situation, followed by continuous status descriptions of the biodiversity in small freshwaters in agricultural landscapes.

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  A farmland biodiversity monitoring for Germany

  Term: 2019-01-01 bis 2023-12-31
  • Project coordinator:
    Burkhard, Golla
    
  • Cooperation partner:
    Institut für Pflanzenschutz in Ackerbau und Grünland (JKI)
    Institut für Anwendungstechnik im Pflanzenschutz (JKI)
    Institut für Biologischen Pflanzenschutz (JKI)
    Institut für Bienenschutz (JKI)
    Institut für ökologische Chemie, Pflanzenanalytik und Vorratsschutz (JKI)
    Institut für Pflanzenschutz in Obst- und Weinbau (JKI)
    Institut für Pflanzenbau und Bodenkunde (JKI)
    Institut für Biodiversität
    Informations- und Koordinationszentrum für Biologische Vielfalt
    
  • Overall objective of the project:
    In MonViA, the Julius Kühn-Institute develops in close co-operation with the Thünen-Institute and the Federal Office for Agriculture and Food a broad-based farmland biodiversity monitoring for Germany. The joint project consists of three main parts: a) a general, national wide trend monitoring based on a systematic sampling grid, b) an in-depth, question-based monitoring on specific issues focusing on insects and c) a Citizen-Science monitoring, based on the participation of farmers, associations and interested citizens. The as long-term designed project involves 6 specialist institutes from the TI, 8 from the JKI and the BLE with a total of more than 35 persons. In the sub-project "Monitoring the diversity of habitats - small landscape structures and landscape elements" methods are developed and made available to derive indicators of habitat quality (e.g. age, volume; connectivity) derived from remote sensing data (e.g. LiDAR, VHR).

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  A farmland biodiversity monitoring for Germany

  Term: 2019-01-01 bis 2022-12-31
  • Project coordinator:
    Lena, Ulber
    Christoph, Redwitz
    Jörn, Lehmhus
    
  • Cooperation partner:
    Institut für Anwendungstechnik im Pflanzenschutz (JKI)
    Institut für Biologischen Pflanzenschutz (JKI)
    Institut für Bienenschutz (JKI)
    Institut für ökologische Chemie, Pflanzenanalytik und Vorratsschutz (JKI)
    Institut für Pflanzenschutz in Obst- und Weinbau (JKI)
    Institut für Pflanzenbau und Bodenkunde (JKI)
    Institut für Strategien und Folgenabschätzung (JKI)
    Informations- und Koordinationszentrum für Biologische Vielfalt
    Johann Heinrich von Thünen-Institut, Bundesforschungsinstitut für Ländliche Räume, Wald und Fischerei
    
  • Overall objective of the project:
    In MonViA, the Julius Kühn-Institute develops in close co-operation with the Thünen-Institute and the Federal Office for Agriculture and Food a broad-based farmland biodiversity monitoring for Germany. The joint project consists of three main parts: a) a general, national wide trend monitoring based on a systematic sampling grid, b) an in-depth, question-based monitoring on specific issues focusing on insects and c) a Citizen-Science monitoring, based on the participation of farmers, associations and interested citizens. The as long-term designed project involves 6 specialist institutes from the TI, 8 from the JKI and the BLE with a total of more than 35 persons. In the sub-project "Monitoring other organisms groups - arable weeds" methods are developed and made available monitor arable weeds in a national monitoring scheme.

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  Enhanced resource efficiency in wheat by spatial arrangement with particular focus on the reduction of herbicides

  Term: 2020-01-01 bis 2022-12-31
  • Project coordinator:
    Dieter, von Hörsten
    Jens Karl, Wegener
    
  • Cooperation partner:
    Institut für Pflanzenschutz in Ackerbau und Grünland (JKI)
    Institut für Pflanzenbau und Bodenkunde (JKI)
    
  • Overall objective of the project:
    The project aims to reduce herbicide applications in wheat with an improved spatial arrangement of plants using a triangular seed pattern. Moreover, it is expected that the uniform seed pattern improves the resource efficiency of wheat cropping systems. Therefore, a precision seed drill has to be adjusted to place the wheat seeds with a high precision in a uniform seed pattern. Subsequently, two field trials will be established over two years at two experimental field stations of the Julius Kühn-Institute. Within these trials the impact of a uniform seed pattern of wheat in comparison to conventional row seeding of wheat will be investigated with regard to resource efficiency and a specific focus on herbicide reduction.

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  Genome-based strategies to use the tertiary gene-pool for breeding of climate-smart wheat

  Term: 2020-04-01 bis 2023-03-31
  • Project coordinator:
    Bernd, Hackauf
    
  • Project preparer:
    Lorenz, Kottmann
    Bernd, Hackauf
    
  • Cooperation partner:
    Institut für Pflanzenbau und Bodenkunde (JKI)
    Bayerische Landesanstalt für Landwirtschaft
    Deutsche Saatveredelung AG
    Saatzucht Streng-Engelen GmbH & Co. KG
    Secobra Saatzucht GmbH
    
  • Overall objective of the project:
    

    The pre-competitive research and prototype demonstration in TERTIUS utilizes the wheat genome
    sequence as well as knowledge gained from fundamental research on cellular mechanisms of stress
    response to systematically screen the gene pool of wheat for valuable gene variants and to improve the
    drought tolerance of elite breeding material through precision breeding approaches. The overall objective of
    TERTIUS is to develop wheat prototypes with optimized root performance, improved water-use efficiency
    and good baking quality, which are characterized by stable and high grain yield under drought stress. In
    order to achieve breeding progress in these traits, a sufficiently high genetic variation in the breeding
    material is a basic requirement. TERTIUS aims to increase the genetic variation of the root system in winter
    wheat by using wheat-rye translocations. In the genetic background of a high-performance German winter
    wheat translocation line, we will develop genotypes with improved nutrient and water absorption and high
    yield stability under drought stress. We characterize the physiology of the stress response of such
    genotypes by implementing innovative methods of phenotyping root architecture, shoot growth and
    architecture, and the performance of the photosynthetic apparatus. We assess the drought stress tolerance
    of wheat genotypes with optimized root systems in representative target environments under farm
    conditions and analyze the genetic architecture of winter wheat water use efficiency. An association study
    will close a current knowledge gap and provide basic insights into the genetic architecture of water use
    efficiency of wheat with translocation segments under the influence of drought stress.
    

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  Strategies for aflatoxin reduction in maize based on secondary metabolites of local accompanying plants

  Term: 2018-11-01 bis 2023-02-28
  • Project coordinator:
    Torsten, Meiners
    
  • Cooperation partner:
    Institut für Pflanzenbau und Bodenkunde (JKI)
    Max Rubner-Institut, Bundesforschungsinstitut für Ernährung und Lebensmittel
    
  • Overall objective of the project:
    Maize is commonly consumed by the African population. Unfortunately, it is heavily contaminated by fungal aflatoxins. In Kenya, the development of fast, effective and sustainable methods to monitor, to analyze and to reduce fungal infestation and aflatoxin contamination on field and in storage are needed. Sometimes the solution for a naturally occurring problem could be found in nature itself. Extracts from many plants have been shown promising antifungal activities and farmers have easily access to locally grown plants and their antifungal extracts to develop a cost-effective method for aflatoxin reduction. Secondary metabolites from locally grown plant species will be tested for their fungi-inhibiting effects on growing and on stored maize and for insect repellent effects on the maize associated insects. Experiments will be first carried out in the laboratory to find the least-inhibitory concentration of the respective substance/method and subsequently assessed and integrated in pilot-field trials by partners in Kenya. For assessing the effectivity of these methods in situ, aflatoxin reduction will be determined in parallel. Volatiles from stored maize will be sampled and analyzed to measure the degree of infestation using the amount of fungal volatiles as proxi.

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  FInAL - Förderung von Insekten in Agrarlandschaften durch integrierte Anbausysteme mit nachwachsenden Rohstoffen - Teilprojekt Aquatische Insekten

  Term: 2019-05-01 bis 2022-09-30
  • Project coordinator:
    Stefan, Lorenz
    
  • Cooperation partner:
    Institut für Biologischen Pflanzenschutz (JKI)
    Institut für Bienenschutz (JKI)
    Institut für Pflanzenbau und Bodenkunde (JKI)
    Institut für ökologische Chemie, Pflanzenanalytik und Vorratsschutz (JKI)
    Leibniz-Zentrum für Agrarlandschaftsforschung (ZALF) e.V.
    Johann Heinrich von Thünen-Institut, Bundesforschungsinstitut für Ländliche Räume, Wald und Fischerei
    Landwirtschaftskammer Hannover
    
  • Overall objective of the project:
    FInal hat zum Ziel, Wege aufzuzeigen, wie in Agrarlandschaften die Vielfalt, Biomasse und Funktionalität der Insekten durch Änderungen der Anbausysteme erhöht werden kann, insbesondere durch Integration nachwachsender Rohstoffe. Insgesamt wird ein umfassender Ansatz auf Landschaftsebene mit einem jeweils regionalen Leitbild gewählt, der sowohl die Anbau- und Nichtproduktionsflächen als auch die Partizipation der Akteure berücksichtigt. Die Landschaftslabore, d.h. Landschaftsausschnitte, in denen Maßnahmen zur Förderung der Insekten etabliert werden, werden hinsichtlich der Ausgangsituation, der Nutzungsoptionen und der Auswirkungen der Maßnahmen auf verschiedene Merkmale, vor allem in Bezug zum Vorkommen bestimmter Insektengruppen und ihrer Funktionalität (z.B. im Integrierten Pflanzenschutz) untersucht.