11 records found

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  Investigations of the epidemiology of aphids. Monitoring of flight activity of aphids in suction and yellow traps in relation to the natural occurrence of aphids in wheat and barley accessions in the field

  Term: 2008-01-01 bis 2020-12-31
  • Project coordinator:
    Torsten, Will
    
  • Overall objective of the project:
    The project aims at the detection of new species potentially endangering crop production and the establishment of a data base to get information on the influence of global climatic and environmental changes on the epidemiology of aphids. Thereby risk assessment for aphid pests and aphid transmitted plant viruses are facilitated providing the basis for the reduction of insecticide sprayings. Flight activity of aphids is monitored in a suction trap and a yellow water trap. Using stadardized traps enable the establishment of a EU-wide database. By determination of the trapped aphid species their flight activity is characterised and new species detected. Comparison of the flight activity and the natural occurrence of aphids in field plots allows a more accurate estimation of the resistance degree of wheat and barley genotypes.

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  Development of a national evaluation program of plant plant genetic resources of cereal crops (EVA II)

  Term: 2008-01-01 bis 2020-12-31
  • Project coordinator:
    Albrecht, Serfling
    
  • Cooperation partner:
    ZADI-Zentralstelle für Agrardokumentation
    Gemeinschaft zur Förderung von Pflanzeninnovation e. V. (GFPi)
    
  • Overall objective of the project:
    The project has been conducted since 2001 by BAZ, ZADI, GFP and numerous breeding companies. It contributes to establishment of durable structures for the evaluation of plant genetic resources in breeding and research. By that means the efficiency of German evaluation activities will be increased and the durable exploitation of plant genetic ressources in breeding and research will be guaranteed. Based on the establishment of a cooperative network for the evaluation of plant genetic resources of main cereal crops, i.e., wheat and barley, a multilocal evaluation systeme will be established. To some extent molecular markers will be integrated in the evaluation of genetic resources. The generated evaluation data are transferred to the national system of documentation for plant genetic resources and are accessible for all participants and later on to the public.

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  Genomics-based improvement of adapted soybean germplasm and establishment of a molecular screening system for soybean pathogens; Sub-project 4: Phenotyping of a population basing on parental lines with differences in chilling tolerance regarding pod set after a chilling period

  Term: 2015-04-01 bis 2021-02-28
  • Project coordinator:
    Christiane, Balko
    
  • Cooperation partner:
    Universität Hohenheim
    
  • Overall objective of the project:
    Legumes have a range of positive impacts on agro-ecosystems and are therefore a key element for a responsible and sustainable use of agricultural resources. Thereby, the soybean plays a decisive role as worldwide most important legume. However, soybean cultivation in Germany is limited due to the unfavorable climate conditions. Aim of this project is to improve the prerequisites for an extension of soybean cultivation in Germany. To attain this, the following objectives are aimed at in the single working packages: The creation of a genomic based breeding program, the diversification of breeding populations by allele-mining in genetic resources, the establishment of a fast and sensitive test to detect the presence of pathogens in soybeans and the phenotypic and genotypic response of soybean lines to chilling stress during flowering.

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  Importance of root lesion nematodes in German crop production and strategies to breed resistant varieties

  Term: 2016-11-01 bis 2020-09-30
  • Project coordinator:
    Frank, Ordon
    
  • Cooperation partner:
    Institut für Epidemiologie und Pathogendiagnostik (JKI)
    Christian-Albrechts-Universität zu Kiel
    Leibniz-Institut für Pflanzengenetik und Kulturpflanzenforschung (IPK) Gatersleben
    Nordsaat Saatzucht GmbH
    Bundessortenamt Hannover
    Fraunhofer-Institut für Fabrikbetrieb und -automatisierung IFF
    
  • Overall objective of the project:
    Root lesion nematodes (RLN) are important pests worldwide with a large range of host species. These migratory parasites are able to infest a wide spectrum of crops. In the past decade, severe damage in German cereal production has been reported and this pest is regarded by farming experts as a major threat for cereal production. Narrow crop rotation, early-sowing dates, and mild winters which are expected due to climate change increase the damage by this pest. Assessment of RLN in the field as well as in the greenhouse is cumbersome and time consuming. Moreover, this pest has been largely disregarded by European cereal breeders so far. Aiming at the identification of wheat (Triticum aestivum) genotypes with low RLN infection rates and unravelling the genetic mechanisms for RLN resistance in barley and wheat, we will continue a previous project in which resistant barley lines have been identified and major QTLs for RLN resistance have been mapped. We bring together experts from plant breeding, bioinformatics, nematology, and plant physiology in a project divided into 4 Research Areas (RA).

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  Breeding forage and grain legumes to increase EU's and China's protein self sufficiency (EUCLEG)

  Term: 2017-10-01 bis 2021-08-31
  • Project coordinator:
    Christiane, Balko
    
  • Overall objective of the project:
    The strategic goal of EUCLEG is to reduce Europe and China’s dependency on protein imports by developing efficient breeding strategies for the legume crops of major economic importance in human food and animal feed. The objective is to improve diversification of crops, crop productivity, yield stability and protein quality of both forage (alfalfa and red clover) and grain (pea, faba bean and soybean) legumes. To reach this overall goal, the project will pursue and achieve the following objectives: a) Develop molecular data (reference genome sequence, sequence polymorphism) and tools (high throughput genotyping through genotyping by sequencing (GBS) platforms for forage legumes and faba bean), to increase resource levels sufficiently for molecular breeding. These new markers in addition to single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) arrays already available for pea and soybean will be used to inform us of genetic diversity and to improve the efficiency of breeding programmes. b) Develop searchable databases containing passport data, as well as agronomic and genetic features in order to facilitate exchanges of genetic resources between Europe and China. c) Broaden the genetic base of legume crops and analyse the genetic diversity of promising European and Chinese legume accessions using (1) phenotypic traits that contribute to increase yield, quality, stress tolerance evaluated in multi-site trials and (2) molecular markers.d) Analyse the genetic architecture of key breeding traits using association studies based on candidate genes and genome-wide association studies (GWAS). Molecular markers related to phenotypic traits will be identified. e) Increase genetic progress in existing breeding programmes. Genomic selection (GS) strategies will be developed and assessed for their potential to improve genetic progress. Practical tools for genotyping, data management and calculation will be provided to breeders.

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  Analysis of temperature effects on the susceptibility of oilseed rape cultivars and genotypes to TuYV and pests (aphids)

  Term: 2018-08-01 bis 2021-10-31
  • Project coordinator:
    Torsten, Will
    
  • Cooperation partner:
    Institut für Epidemiologie und Pathogendiagnostik (JKI)
    Institut für Resistenzforschung und Stresstoleranz (JKI)
    BioOK, BTL Sagerheide
    
  • Overall objective of the project:
    Due to climate change and the lack of insecticide dressing of seeds, the cultivation of oilseed rape is endangered by infection with TuYV. Agriculture is furthermore enforced to reduce the emission of greenhouse gases. With regard to economic and ecological aspects the oilseed rape varieties with TuYV resistance are crucial. The objective of this study is to characterise the currently used ‘R54’ based resistance and by doing so guaranteeing its functionality. Topics such as temperature depended resistance stability, vector preference and genetic variability of vector and virus will be examined and brought together in view of tri-trophic interaction. Knowledge gained shall be used as a base to study future TuYV resistance sources and thereby supporting sustainable oilseed rape cultivation.

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  Marker-assisted selection for WDV tolerance in wheat (Triticum aestivum) and its transfer into applied wheat breeding

  Term: 2018-09-01 bis 2021-08-31
  • Project coordinator:
    Antje, Habekuss
    Frank, Ordon
    
  • Cooperation partner:
    Limagrain GmbH
    RAGT2n
    Saatzucht Streng-Engelen GmbH & Co. KG
    Strube Research GmbH & Co. KG
    Syngenta Seeds GmbH
    Gemeinschaft zur Förderung von Pflanzeninnovation e. V. (GFPi)
    
  • Overall objective of the project:
    The economic importance of wheat dwarf virus transmitted by the leafhopper species Psammotettix alienus will increase in the light of climate change due to increasing activity of vectors. Using insecticides to control leafhoppers is only suitable to a limited extent. Regulations and actions to be taken for an environment and consumer friendly plant production further limit the application of insecticides. Currently, only very little is known on WDV resistance sources. The identification of a WDV tolerant Triticum aestivum source within a BMEL funded project is a vital prerequisite for the development of WDV tolerant wheat varieties. Genome-wide association studies identified genome regions contributing to WDV tolerance. Aim of the project is to utilise this tolerance source for practical wheat breeding. Participating breeders developed single seed descent (SSD) or doubled haploid populations crossing the tolerant source with current wheat varieties. These populations will be phenotyped regarding WDV tolerance, yield parameters and fungi resistance and will also be genotyped using the 20K Illumina Infinium Chip. On the basis of these datasets, the WDV tolerance will be mapped and molecular markers (KASP/CAPS) will be developed. To enhance the breeding of WDV tolerant wheat varieties, molecular markers will be handed over to the breeding companies, in order to be utilised in the selection of WDV tolerant lines as source material for further plant breeding. Within the project, foundations for a successful breeding process will be made and it is expected that first varieties with WDV tolerance will be registered within a few years after the end of the project.

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  Identification and characterisation of a resistance gene against Barley yellow dwarf virus in maize

  Term: 2018-10-01 bis 2021-10-31
  • Project coordinator:
    Antje, Habekuss
    
  • Overall objective of the project:
    The aims of the project are: 1 identification and validation of the BYDV-resistance gene for the QTL detected on chromosome 10, 2. characterization of the gene regarding to its dominance level and the moleculare mode of funktioning, 3. quantification of the effect of the BYDV-resistance gene on resistance to CYDV, SCMV and MDMV.